HBO IN TREATING OF DISEASES OF NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Informational letter for nevropathologists and HBO-specialists of Moscow region.

Introduction.

HBO can be useful in treating of both sharp and chronic pathologies even if traditional healing is helpless.

The diseases of nervous system approve that statement; in particular - practice of treating of vertebrogenic (discirculatoric mielopathies, mielopoliradiculonevrites, parkinsonism, enscephalopaties, meningoencephalitis, etc. in MONIKI in latest 5 - 7 years. Including of HBO in complex therapy permits to improve quality of treating; avoid invalidism; reduce the period spent in clinic.

Treating of chronic vascular diseases of spinal cord with HBO has a patent.

Brief characterization of method.

Treating effect of HBO is based on the influence of hyperbaric oxygen on adaptation-metabolic processes in all organs and systems as well as on the diminishing or reducing of hypoxia. Enzymal processes are very sensitive to HBO - mitochondriac, microsomal and peroxidal oxidation of lipoids, significantly influencing the membranes and activation of free radicals. Bioenergy of cell is being changed, this usually takes place after any pathology. An extreme situation arrives during the HBO-procedure: the body responds by adaptation reactions (change of hormonal level; anti inflammatory potential; central and regional circulation; improvement of resistance) on improved external pressure and change of chemical composition of air.

The very first response is formed by limbic-reticular complex and hypotalamo-hypophisarno-adrenal gland-system.

HBO is done in single-place chamber with pressure 1,3 - 2AT and exposition 40 - 60 min.; all course contains 8 - 20 procedures. Hyperbaric compound - oxygen. Procedures should take place every day with individual correction of figures dependently on age, state of critical systems and individual response of body.

The indications for the application of HBO in neurology are:

- discircular mielopathy;

- parkinsonism;

- polyradiculonevrites;

- meningiencephalites;

- ishemiac insult;

- posthypoxic encephalopathy;

- aerial embology of cerebrum;

- cerebral trauma.

Discirculatory mielopathy.

Discirculatory mielopathies - chronic vascular disease of spinal cord, caused by occlusive violations of spinal vasculatory on various levels and general hemodynamic dysfunction. Directly these violations can be caused by arteriosclerosis; and general vasculites, vascular malformations; aorta anevrismes; degenerative-dystrophic changes of vertebral column and its anomalies. Chronic deficiency of spinal vasculatory supplied by hypoxia of cerebrum causes such violations as lateral amiotrophic sclerosis; pyramidal, syringomielical syndrome, etc. Improvement of motoral dysfunction with mielopathies often results in invalidity.

HBO is done with pressure 1,3 - 1,8AT and exposition 40 - 60 min.; all course contains 10 - 12 procedures. Procedures should be combined with vessel-broadening bettering circulation medicines, anabolic hormones, massage. Regress of complications can appear by 4 - 6 procedure by normalization of muscular tonus, fasciculations are diminishing, extremities become more active, amiotrophies are reducing. Satisfactory healing effect is observed for 75 - 80% of sicks and exists for 5 years. To prolong it the repetitive courses are used with interval of 6 - 12 months.

HBO is useful after all vascular diseases of spinal cord, as well as in complex rehabilitation of operated osteochondrosis, mielopathies, ishemiac violations.

Parkinsonism.

Parkinsonism - is a hard, broadcasted (especially among youngsters) disease of central nervous system resulting in an early invalidisation. Its complications are based on violations of cerebrum (subcortial formations causing dysfunction of neirotransmitteral systems) and includes such diseases as bradikinesy; fibrillation hyperkinesia; and muscular rigidity.

All the medicinal, neurosurgical and therapeutic devices the results of treating are insufficient.

HBO-therapy is used in complex with medicines bettering micro circulation, nootropic and antiparkinsonic devices or by itself. In case the fibrillation form the figures are: 1,7 - 2AT; if rigid -1,4 - 1,6AT. Exposition - 30 - 50 min.; 9 - 12 procedures per course.

After 2 procedures patient begins to feel better; steady bettering comes by middle of course (after 5 - 6 procedures). Thinking process and memory are consolidating; muscular tonus is normalizing; vegetative violations are diminishing. Simultaneously the fibrillation process is lessening. Satisfactory result is achieved for 80% of sicks. Worthening are absent. Vascular and hereditary parkinsonism are treated better than encephalic or traumatic ones. Better are results for people of age less 60-65. Prolonging courses are to be held in 4 - 6 months to achieve steady remission of disease and avoid medicinal therapy.

Infectious-allergic polyradioculonevrites.

Infectious-allergic polyradioculonevrites are of group of demielinising diseases of nervous system. They are hard diseases; often with lethal finish; supported by paresis of extremities, muscular hypotension, diminishing of skin reflexes; vegetative-trophical transgressions (Limphostasis, bedsores). If cerebrum is included encephalopolyradiculonevrites.

The main role is of immunoviolations, interstitial inflammation of nerves and dimielinisation. Sequently immunosuppression can be used in treating; less attention is paid to reduction of hypoxia, normalization of metabolism of tissue, bettering of circulation and micro circulation.

HBO is used in complex with corticosteroids (1 - mg. of prednisolon per 1 kg of body in a day), anabolic hormones; massage; biostimulators. Pressure in procedure is 1,6 - 2AT; exposition - 40 ­50min.; 12 - 15 procedures in course.

Steady bettering is achieved after 4 - 5 procedures - trophic transgressions are lessening; sensitivity is recreating. The dose of corticosteroids can be reduced. By the end of course physical

activity and power are restoring. Course would be repeated in 3 - 4 months.

Meningoencephalitis.

These are the diseases of inflammation changes in neurons, nerves and cerebrum. There are primary meningoencephalitis, that are induces by specific neurotropic excitator, and secondary meningoencephalitis ­these are the complications of other infections; sometimes as the result of toxications of cerebral vessels. Headache arrives, then unconsciousness, vomity, meningeal syndrome, polymorphic local symptomatic.

HBO is used both in sharp state and recreational period. This helps to restore memory, lessen  polymorphic local symptomatic, improves general state of sick. Sometimes it helps to achieve complete recreation. The regime is: 1,6 - 2AT; exposition - 40 - 60 min.; 8 ­12 procedures per course.

Ishemiac insult.

HBO at Ishemiac insult in useful in any period; but the sooner - the better. Figures for procedure are selected individually; maximal pressure is 1,6 - 2AT. The use of HBO helps to achieve regress in 75% of cases.

Bettering can be achieved already after the first procedures; in process of treating pareses are lessening, aphatic violations of other symptomatic.

Repetitive courses are desirable with period of 6 months. This helps to recreate and adaptive the patients.

Posthypoxic encephalopathy.

HBO can reduce hypoxic encephalopathies of different genesis. It would be used as soon as possible, intensively (2 - 3 times a day) and together with medicines. Pressure of use - 1,8 - 2AT;  exposition and number of procedures are taken individually.

Cerebral trauma.

One of the complications of trauma is hypoxia of cerebral tissue supported by inflation of cerebrum that further strengthens hypoxia. Including of HBO in complex therapy can lessen that pathology.

Regime is: 1,8 - 2AT; exposition - 40 - 60 min.; course 10 - 12 procedures. This allows to reduce headaches, dizziness, improve general state.

HBO in sharp period significantly reduces complications; psychical violations, in particular; meningitis; pussing of wound; bedsores; pneumonia.

Aerial emboli of cerebrum.

In process of diving, in cardiac operations, in process of cateterisation of large venous the aerial bubbles can penetrate in vessels and violate circulation in cerebrum and spinal cord. The only treating is an immediate medical compression. The tasks of it are:

- exclude (dissolve) gaseous bubbles;

- lessen the obstruction of vessel, the starting inflation of cerebrum;

- improve oxygenation of suffered tissue.

HBO is also used in treating of other nevrologic diseases: neuritis of nerves; osteochondrosis phenomenon; headaches; Menier syndrome; disseminated sclerosis, etc.

The contraindications for use of HBO are:

- caverns in lung and other organs;

- improved sensitivity to oxygen;

- cellar atypia in biopsy;

- two-sides pneumonia;

- tensed pneumotrax;

- epilepsy and similar diseases;

- otorhinolaryngologic diseases; - claustrophobia;

- strong hypertension;

- sharp respiratoric infections.